Carbureter.



E. c. RICHARD. CARBURETER. APPLICAUON FILED .FEB- 12, 1912.

I Patented Aug. 10, 1915.

EUGENE C. RICHARD, OF FLINT, MICHIGAN.

.GABB'UBETEP" Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. to, 11915..

Application filed February 12, 1912. Serial No. 677,235.

2" 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, EUGENE C. RICHARD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Flint, county of Gen'esee, State of Michigan, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Carburetors, and declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, which form a part ofthis specification.

My invention relates to -carbureters'and the object of my improvements is to provide an improved carburetor and one which shall adapt itself to the various conditions of practice without manipulation. I secure this object in the device illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which,

Figure 1, is a central section in elevation of a oarbureter embodying my invention. Fig. 2, is a detail sectional view, the section being taken at right angles to the section of Fig. 1 and atthat portion of the carburetor which is at the back and top of the device,

'as shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3, is a detail s ction on the line 3-3 Fig. 1. i A, A indicates the casing, as a whole, at the lower end of which is the reservoir B with an apparatus for maintaining a constant level of hydrocarbon therein.

C, is a jacket located toward the top of the casing A and adapted to receive any heating fluid to heat the mixture just before,

it issues from the carburetor.

D, is the intake passage for atmospheric air andE, is the exit passage for the combustible mixture.

F, is a throttle valve, and G is the handle by which the valve F is manipulated. The valve F and handle G are secured upon the shaft 7.

H, (Fig. 2) is a pivoted disk provided with a pin it extending laterally from an arm extending upward from said disk. The pin it comes between the branches 9, g of the lower forked end of the lever G.

j, is a spring holding the disk H firmly against its scat I, I indicates apertures through the rear wall of the casing A, A and J, indicates corresponding apertures in the disk H. Said aperturesare so located that when the throttle valve F is wide open the apertures J shall register withithe apertures I and adinit atmospheric into the mixing chamber Z of the carburetor and when the throttle valve is closed the disk H shall close the aperture 1. The air admitted through the apertures I, J passes into an annular chamber d which is divided from the jacket 0 by a horizontal wall 0.

e, is an annular opening forming a communication between the chamber (Z and the mixing chamber Z.- The opening 6 is toward the top of the chamber d and thus far the air passinginto the chamber d passes upward toward and against the heated wall 0 of the chamber Z. i

K, is an approximately cylindrical metal p1ece having a coaxial aperture or passage 70 extending through it. The piece K is located toward the lower end of the casing A concentric with said casing, its upper end shaped like the frustum of a cone extending into the air passage D and being provided with an annular valve seat R extending laterally outward from its largest diameter.

L, L are passages connecting the apertures 70 with the intake passage D.

M, is the delivery nozzle for hydrocarbon, the bore of which communicates with the reservoir B toward the bottom of the same, the delivery end being located in the aperture Z2;

N, is an annular groove around the part K toward the lower end thereof below the level of the hydrocarbon in the reservoir B. This groove is preferably connected with the intake passage or outer air by a small passage or groove out in the outer surface of the part K, as shown, to permit the passage of air or liquid.

O, is a screw threaded plug having an aperture formed longitudinally therethrough. The plug 0 fits into an aperture which would form a passage between the annular groove N and the reservoir B vbelow thelevel of the hydrocarbon therein. The hydrocarbon may pass through the aperture in the plug 0 to the groove N, and the area of the passage through said aperture may be adjusted by screwing the plug 0 out or in so that its inner end shall be more or less ap- S, is a thin walled cylinder constituting a valve, its lower end being adapted to seat against the valve seat It. The valve S is provided with a heavy annular outwardly extending flange. W, which fits like a piston against the interior of the mixing chamber Z. The flange W fits loosely so that air shall not be trapped under it. Belowthe flange W there is a dividing wall y between the mixing chamber Z and theinlet passage D. The. valve S, fits so as to reciprocate easily through the dividing wally and in the mixing chamber Z. There is a passage X opening to the outer air and to the mixing chamber Z above the valve S. r This passage is controlled by a valve a held upon its seat by a spring 00. There is a tubular extension from the valve a which fits into the passage X inside of said valve.

Y, is a passage opening to the passage X just inside of the valve seat therein and to the mixing chamber Z below the flange While the valve a with its tubular extension practically closes the passage -X against direct communication with the mixing cham.

ber Z above the valve S when said valve is withdrawn from its seat, the passage Y coma municates with the outer air through the passage when there is such 6, is a lug extending radially inward from the wall of the valve S where it supports a rddTWhich extends downward and when the valve S is on its seat' R said rod fills the aperture la The rod T is tapered toward its lower end at t so that the bounding lines of its cross section are parts of parabolas. The

converging portion t of the rod T extends into the cylindrical aperture is. There is a screw threaded shank U extending upward from the rod T, its threads engaging interior threads in an aperture in the lug b... By

"turning the rod T its vertical position with reference to the valve S may be adJuSted.

V, is a nut; itsthreads engaging threads on the upper end and of the shank-U, andits lower surface engaglng against'the upper: surface of the lug b to'hold the rod-T in its adjusted position. a v p The operation of the above described device is as follows :It is designed to mamtain a constant vacuum in the mixing chamber Z and to control the delivery of hydrocarbon by controlling the velocity of the air passing the delivery nozzle. It is also contem'plated to provide for a flow of hydrocarbon which shall be greater tothe required extent when the charge of the engine is diluted to a greater extent by the products of combustion. v is The weight of the valve S is ad usted to correspond to the vacuumrequlredm the "mixing chamber, Z and "the;tens 1 on of the spring a: such that the valve a shall open a vacuum in the mixing Lchamber. The passage E is connected with the intake to an internal combustion engine When the engine is not in operation, the valve rests uponthe seat R with practically its entire weight and approximately closes the connection between the inlet D drawnthrough the aperture is past the delivery end of the nozzle N because the rod T nearly closes the upper end of said aperture, and the vacuum is not suflicient to raise the hydrocarbon to the delivery end of said nozzle. When the engine begins to operate and attains a considerable speed a vacuum is drawn in the mixing chamber lZ which draws the valve a from its seat and raises the valve Sfrom the seat R thus opening communication directly between the intake passage D and the mixing chamber Z. The alr passes through the passage X, the passage Y, and below the annular flange W to maintain atmospheric pressure on the underside of said flange to help raise the valve S.

now be maintained in the mixing chamber Z at all velocities of the engineand at all dentance, if the velocity increases, it will tend to draw a greater vacuum in the mixing chamber Z and the valve S will rise to supply air'to said vacuum until it returns to its proper value; if the density of the air is greater it would require a greater diiierence of pressure to force the same volume through the same aperture and, consequently, a

greater vacuum will be drawn in the mixlng chamber Z until the. valve S rises suliiciently to supply such vacuum and return it to its original volume. If thevalve S rises, and in proportion to the distance it rises, the opening from the aperture k is enlarged inasmuch as a smaller portion of the rod T is at the mouth. of said aperture and with the constant vacuum in the mixing chamber a proportionally large volume of air is drawn through saidlaperture and past the delivery end of the nozzlejM and the cross section of the aperture adjacent to the delivery end of the nozzle-M remaining constant the velocity of the airpassing it tional to the volume of air drawn through would be propor- It will be noticed that a constant vacuum will 1 of said second. passage so that said'constant "said aperture and therefore the'quantity of hydrocarbon drawn from said nozzle would be proportional tothe velocity or quantity of air passingthrough the aperturejc, that is, to'the height to which the valve S rises and therefore to the-quantity of air drawn through the carbureter by the engine and to the density of such air. r

W'hat I claim is 1. In a carburetor, an intake passage'for air, a-mixing chamber, a valve located between said passage and chamber adapted to regulate the area of the opening between the same by the distance it rises from its. seat, said valve being adapted to be caused to rise with a constant degree of vacuum in the mixing chamber, a small passage communicating with said intake passage, a conduit for liquid fuel opening into said passage, and an independent means for supplying the proper amount of fuel to the carbureter when said valve is liftedto its op' erative position. i

2. In a carbureter, an intake passage for air, a mixing chamber, a valve located between the sameand adapted to regulate the area of the opening between said passage and chamber by the distance it rises from its seat,,said valve being adapted to be caused to rise with a constant degree of vacuum inthe mixing chamber, an aperture I communicating with said mixing chamber, and means whereby said aperture is closed when the throttle valve is closed and opened when the throttle valve is opened, a heating chamber in said carburetor toward the delivery end thereof, and means whereby the air passing through the aperture I is delivered to sald mixing chamber towardthe delivery end thereof and past a heated "wall of said chamber.

3. In a carbureter, a mixing chamber,

- means for maintaining a practically constant vacuum therein, a passage for air leading to said mixing chamber, a second passage leading to said mixing chamber, means for delivering liquid fuel into said second passage operated only by the air passing through said second passage, and an automatic means for varying the effectivearea vacuum shall produce an increased flow of air through said second passage and thereby increase the delivery of liquid fuel.

4. In a carbureter,

topics or that patent may be'obtalaefl. tor

y chamber to put'said passage into commusmall passage,

a mixing chamber, a

main air valve regulating the passage through said carbureter, said valve being provided with a lifting surface bounding in part an inclosed chamber, and a check valve controlling-the opening to said inclosed. chamber; c

5'. In a oarbureter, an intake passage for air, a, mixing chamber, a valve located between said passage and chamber adapted to regulate the area of the opening between the sameby the distance it rises from its seat, said valve being adapted to be caused to rise by a, definite degree of vacuum in the mixing'chamber, said valve being pro vided with a lower surface forming the upper wall of an-inclosed chamber, a pas sage communicating with said inclosed chamber and adapted to be put into communication withthe outside air, a valve closing the connection between said passage and outside air resiliently held upon its seat and adaptedto be withdrawn from its seat the said degree of vacuum in the mixing nication with the outer air.

6.. In a carbureter,an intake passage for air, a mixingchamber, a valve located between said passage and chamber adapted to regulate the area of the opening between the same by the distance it rises from its seat, said valve being adapted to be caused to rise by a definite degree of'vacuum in the mixing chamber, a small passage c0m- 'municating with said intake passage and said mixing chamber past said valve and means for supplying hydrocarbon to said said valve being provided with a lower surface forming the upper wall of an inclosed chamber, a passage communicating with said inclosed chamber and adapted to be put into communication with the outside air, tion between said passage and outside air resiliently held upon its seat and adapted to be withdrawn from its seat by the degree of vacuum in the mixing chamber to put said passage into communication with -the outer air.

In 4, cation in the presenceof two' witnesses.'

EUGENE- o. RICHARD.

Witnesses: V

LOUISE M. RICHARD, ELMA E. EASTON.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Watento, Washington, D. 0."

a valve closing the connectestimony whereof, I sign this specifi- 

